٣٣
א א
.ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﺲﻔﻧ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺘﻠﻟ تارﺎﻴﺧ ةﺪﻋ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﻦﻜﳝ
ضﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ ،
ﺔﻴﺗﻮﺼﻟا تﺎﳌﺎﻜﳌا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻞﻳﻮﲢ
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ﺪﻨﻌﻓ
ﻞﻳﻮﲢ ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ ءﺎﻐﻟﻹو .داﺪﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻊﺿو ﻲﻓ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ
.
تﺎﳌﺎﻜﳌا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻞﻳﻮﲢ ءﺎﻐﻟإ
ﺮﺘﺧا ،تﺎﳌﺎﻜﳌا ﺔﻓﺎﻛ
ﻪﺋﺎﻔﺧإ وأ ﺔﺷﺎﺸﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻚﻔﺗﺎﻫ ﻢﻗر ضﺮﻋ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻞﻫ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ
ﺔﻣﺪﺧ)
ﻲﺘﻳﻮﻫ لﺎﺳرإ
ﺮﺘﺧا ،ﻪﺑ ﻞﺼﺘﺗ يﺬﻟا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﻦﻋ
.(ﺔﻜﺒﺷ
تﻻوﺎﺤﻣ ﺮﺸﻋ ﻰﻟإ ﻞﺼﻳ ﺎﻣ ءاﺮﺟﺈﺑ مﻮﻘﻴﻟ ﻒﺗﺎﻬﻟا ﻂﺒﻀﻟ
ﺮﺘﺧا ،ﺔﺤﺟﺎﻧ ﺮﻴﻏ لﺎﺼﺗا ﺔﻟوﺎﺤﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺎﺑ لﺎﺼﺗﻼﻟ
.
ﺎﻴﻟآ لﺎﺼﺗا ةدوﺎﻌﻣ
ةدراو ﺔﳌﺎﻜﻣ دﻮﺟو ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻏﻼﺑﺈﺑ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻠﻟ حﺎﻤﺴﻠﻟ
تﺎﳌﺎﻜﳌا رﺎﻈﺘﻧا ﺔﻣﺪﺧ
ﺮﺘﺧا ،ﺔﻳرﺎﺟ ﺔﳌﺎﻜﻣ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﻲﻓ ةﺪﻳﺪﺟ
.(ﺔﻜﺒﺷ ﺔﻣﺪﺧ)
א
.
ﺔﻐﻠﻟا
<
ﻒﺗﺎﻬﻟا ﻂﺒﺿ
<
ﻂﺒﻀﻟا
<
ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا
ﺮﺘﺧا
א
ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﳋاو تﺎﳌﺎﻜﻤﻠﻟ ةرﻮﺗﺎﻔﻟا ﻎﻠﺒﻣ نإ
:ﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ
ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧ ﺐﺴﺣ توﺎﻔﺘﻳ ﺪﻗ ﺔﻣﺪﳋا دوﺰﻣ ﻚﻟ ﺎﻬﻣﺪﻘﻳ
.ﺦﻟإ ﺐﺋاﺮﻀﻟاو ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺴﳊا رﻮﺴﻜﻟا ﺐﻳﺮﻘﺗو ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻟا
٣٤
א א